hnd = handheld dsk = desk top sci = scientific functions (sin cos log exp etc.) bar = basic arithmetic functions (+ - / *) led = Light Emitting Diode display lcd = Liquid Crystal display vfd = vacuum fluorescent display nix = Nixie tube display prg = programmable gra = graphics display crd = magnetic program cards sss = Solid State Software plug-in modules pri = equipped with printer cas = cassette tape storage crt = CRT display 1948 IBM 604 Electronic Calculating Punch 1964 Friden 132 Electronic Calculator 1965 Olivetti Programma 101 programmable calculator 1965 Wang 300 punched-card programmable, multi-user calculator system 1969 Sharp Compet ELSI-8M calculator, bar/vfd 1971 Olivetti Logos 250 desktop calculator 1972 Olympia ICR 412, dsk/bar(24 decimals)/nix 1972 IME 86S dsk/bar+sqrt(16 decimals)/nix/remote ctrl 1972 Wang 600, 700, 720B programmable calculators 1972? TECO 8000 calculator, bar/vfd 1974 Olivetti Logos 55 desktop calculator 1975? Toshiba BC-1215 dsk/bar(12 decimals), 12-pos fluorescent display 1975 Monroe 1920 desktop calculator 1975 Remington 803-B desktop calculator 1979 Elektronika B3-37 scientific pocket calculator (USSR) 1989 Elektronika MK59 desktop calculator (USSR). See also this inside look
1968 HP9100A, prg/dsk/crt 1969 HP9100B, prg/dsk/crt, with 9150A monitor scope and 9160A optical card reader 1971 HP9810A, prg/dsk/led/pri 1972 HP9830A, prg (BASIC)/dsk/led/pri 1972 HP35, sci/hnd/led 1974 HP65, sci/hnd/led/prg/crd 1975 HP25, sci/hnd/led 1976 HP67, sci/hnd/led/prg/crd 1976 HP97, dsk version of HP67, pri 1978 HP34C, sci(integrate, solve)/hnd/led/prg 1979 HP41CX, sci, lcd, HP-IL interface, barcode etc ("the ultimate calculator") 1985 HP71B, sci, BASIC, lcd, HP-IL interface
1974 SR-50, sci/hnd/led 1975 SR-56, sci/hnd/prg/led 1975 Programmer, n-base calculations; hnd/led 1977 Programmable 58C attached to PC-100C printer unit 1977 Programmable 59, sci/hnd/prg/led/crd/sss
1910 Unitas Arithmometer 1918 Madas calculator nr 5789 1930 Brunsviga Nova II calculator 1937 MADAS e.m. calculator 1949 Friden STW-10 e.m. calculator 1949 Friden DW-8 e.m. calculator 1951 Original Odhner calculator 1955 Resulta B7 adding machine 1956 Facit CA1-13 e.m. calculator, Dutch manual 1956 Facit C1-19 e.m. calculator 1956 Olivetti Tetractys e.m. calculator 1960 Monroe 8N-213 e.m. calculator with manual 1961 Contex 10 mechanical calculator 1963 Friden SRQ-10 square-rooting e.m. calculator 1965 Contex 30 electromechanical calculator, backside manual
This picture illustrates the sheer complexity of a calculator's mechanism
(Monroe 8N-213 electric calculator)